|
The conditional perfect is a grammatical construction that combines the conditional mood with perfect aspect. A typical example is the English ''would have written''.〔Gail Stein, ''Webster's New World Spanish Grammar Handbook'', John Wiley & Sons, 2011. Part VII.〕 The conditional perfect is used to refer to a hypothetical, usually counterfactual, event or circumstance placed in the past, contingent on some other circumstance (again normally counterfactual, and also usually placed in the past). Like the present conditional (a form like ''would write''), the conditional perfect typically appears in the ''apodosis'' (the main clause, expressing the consequent) in a conditional sentence. ==English== In English, the conditional perfect is formed using ''would have'' together with the past participle of the main verb. The auxiliary ''would'' marks the conditional mood (it is occasionally replaced by ''should'' in the first person; see ''shall'' and ''will''), while the auxiliary ''have'' (used in combination with the past participle) marks the perfect aspect (prior occurrence of the event in question). The conditional perfect is used chiefly in the main clause (apodosis) of "third conditional" (or sometimes "mixed conditional") sentences, as described under English conditional sentences. Examples: * You would have gotten more money if you had worked harder. * If we had run faster, we would have arrived earlier. * If I were a woman, I would have entered the contest. It is also possible for the auxiliary ''would'' to be replaced by the modals ''should'', ''could'' or ''might'' to express appropriate modality in addition to conditionality. Sometimes, in informal speech, the ''would have'' construction appears in the ''if''-clause as well ("If we would have run faster, we would have arrived earlier"), but this is considered incorrect in formal speech and writing (see ). English also has a conditional perfect progressive (''would have been writing''). For more details on the usage of this and of the ordinary conditional perfect, see the relevant sections of the article Uses of English verb forms. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「conditional perfect」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|